---
title: At the limit at which the gods appear, men and history must disappea… — Early Bardic Literature, Ireland. · tree and pragmatics
description: At the limit at which the gods appear, men and history must disappear; while on the other hand, the statement of Tiherna, that the foundation of Emain Alacha by Kimbay is the first certain date in Irish history, renders it undesirable to attach more historical reality of characters, adorning the age
---

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# Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 5, sentence 67

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At the limit at which the gods appear, men and history must disappear; while on the other hand, the statement of Tiherna, that the foundation of Emain Alacha by Kimbay is the first certain date in Irish history, renders it undesirable to attach more historical reality of characters, adorning the ages prior to B.C.

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**Who acts:** gods, men, foundation, statement · **What happens:** appear, disappear, be, render, attach, adorn · **To what, where:** men, limit, first certain date, Irish history, history, other hand

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This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (gods, men, foundation, statement), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8109:5:67
# text = At the limit at which the gods appear, men and history must disappear; while on the other hand, the statement of Tiherna, that the foundation of Emain Alacha by Kimbay is the first certain date in Irish history, renders it undesirable to attach more historical reality of characters, adorning the ages prior to B.C.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	limit	limit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	obl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	gods	god	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	appear	appear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
13	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	disappear	disappear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
16	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	44	mark	_	_
17	on	on	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	statement	statement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	nsubj	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	Tiherna	Tiherna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
27	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	39	mark	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	foundation	foundation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	nsubj	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	Emain	Emain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	_
32	Alacha	Alacha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	31	flat	_	_
33	by	by	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	Kimbay	Kimbay	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	_
35	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	39	cop	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
37	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	39	amod	_	_
38	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	39	amod	_	_
39	date	date	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	_
40	in	in	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	Irish	Irish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	42	amod	_	_
42	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
44	renders	render	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
45	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	44	obj	_	_
46	undesirable	undesirable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	44	xcomp	_	_
47	to	to	PART	TO	_	48	mark	_	_
48	attach	attach	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	46	xcomp	_	_
49	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	50	advmod	_	_
50	historical	historical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	51	amod	_	_
51	reality	reality	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	obj	_	_
52	of	of	ADP	IN	_	53	case	_	_
53	characters	character	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	51	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	55	punct	_	_
55	adorning	adorn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	48	advcl	_	_
56	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	57	det	_	_
57	ages	age	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	55	obj	_	_
58	prior	prior	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	60	case	_	_
59	to	to	ADP	IN	_	58	fixed	_	_
60	B.C	B.C	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	55	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
61	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **appear** | present | the gods | men and history |  | the limit |  | which *obl* | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location man=Theme |
| 2 | **disappear** | must | men and history *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is a** | present | the foundation of Emain by Kimbay | the first certain date |  | Irish history |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **render** | present | the statement of Tiherna and the first certain date | history |  | the other hand |  | undesirable *property* | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 5 | **attach** | to-infinitive | the statement of Tiherna and the first certain date *not said here* | historical reality of characters |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reality=Patient |
| 6 | **adorn** | gerund | the statement of Tiherna and the first certain date *not said here* | the ages |  |  |  | prior B.C | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme age=Destination |
| 7 | **state** |  |  | Tiherna |  |  |  |  | nom statement «communication transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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