---
title: In these compositions, whenever they were reduced to the form in whi… — Early Bardic Literature, Ireland. · tree and pragmatics
description: In these compositions, whenever they were reduced to the form in which we find them to-day, the ethnic character of the times and the ethnic character of the heroes are clearly and universally observed. Who acts: we. A sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic
---

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# Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 5, sentence 76

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In these compositions, whenever they were reduced to the form in which we find them to-day, the ethnic character of the times and the ethnic character of the heroes are clearly and universally observed.

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**Who acts:** we · **What happens:** reduce, find, observe · **To what, where:** bard, form, compositions

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This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8109:5:76
# text = In these compositions, whenever they were reduced to the form in which we find them to-day, the ethnic character of the times and the ethnic character of the heroes are clearly and universally observed.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	compositions	composition	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	38	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	whenever	whenever	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	8	advmod	_	_
6	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	reduced	reduce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	obl	_	_
14	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	find	find	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
16	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	character	character	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	appos	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nmod	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
29	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	character	character	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	_
31	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	heroes	hero	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	nmod	_	_
34	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	38	aux:pass	_	_
35	clearly	clearly	ADV	RB	_	38	advmod	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
37	universally	universally	ADV	RB	_	38	advmod	_	_
38	observed	observe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	38	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reduce** | past · passive |  | bard |  |  |  | to the form *goal*; whenever *property* | vn limit-76 «NP V NP S\_ING»: subject=Patient to form=Goal |
| 2 | **find** | present | we | bard |  | the form | day |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Topic |
| 3 | **observe** | present · passive |  |  |  | this compositions |  | clearly, universally *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S» |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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