---
title: For the same reason it was generally employed by those who inscribed… — Early Bardic Literature, Ireland. · tree and pragmatics
description: For the same reason it was generally employed by those who inscribed timber tablets, which formed the primitive book, ere they discovered or learned how to use pen, ink, and parchment. Who acts: same reason, timber tablets, books. A sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady
---

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# Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 5, sentence 85

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For the same reason it was generally employed by those who inscribed timber tablets, which formed the primitive book, ere they discovered or learned how to use pen, ink, and parchment.

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**Who acts:** same reason, timber tablets, books · **What happens:** employ, inscribe, form, discover, learn, use · **To what, where:** use, timber tablets, primitive book, ere, pen

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This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (same reason, timber tablets, books), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8109:5:85
# text = For the same reason it was generally employed by those who inscribed timber tablets, which formed the primitive book, ere they discovered or learned how to use pen, ink, and parchment.
1	For	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
7	generally	generally	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	employed	employ	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl:relcl	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	8	obl	_	_
11	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	inscribed	inscribe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	timber	timber	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	tablets	tablet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
17	formed	form	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	acl:relcl	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	primitive	primitive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	ere	ere	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	appos	_	_
23	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	discovered	discover	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	acl:relcl	_	_
25	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	learned	learn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	conj	_	_
27	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	29	advmod	_	_
28	to	to	PART	TO	_	29	mark	_	_
29	use	use	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	xcomp	_	_
30	pen	pen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
32	ink	ink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
35	parchment	parchment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **employ** | past · passive | the same reason and parchment | use |  |  |  | generally *property* | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |
| 2 | **inscribe** | past |  | timber tablets |  |  |  | who *nsubj* | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent tablet=Destination |
| 3 | **form** | past | timber tablets | the primitive book |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location book=Theme |
| 4 | **discover** | past | books *= book* | ere *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ere=Topic |
| 5 | **learn** | past | books *= book* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 6 | **use** | to-infinitive | books *= book* *not said here* | pen and ink |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pen=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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