---
title: On the other hand, the fact that the majority of these stones are di… — Early Bardic Literature, Ireland. · tree and pragmatics
description: On the other hand, the fact that the majority of these stones are discovered in raths and forts, i.e., the tombs of our Pagan ancestors, corroborates the fact implied in all the bardic literature, that the characters employed in the ethnic times were Oghamic, and affords another proof of the close c
---

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# Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 5, sentence 88

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
On the other hand, the fact that the majority of these stones are discovered in raths and forts, i.e., the tombs of our Pagan ancestors, corroborates the fact implied in all the bardic literature, that the characters employed in the ethnic times were Oghamic, and affords another proof of the close conservative spirit of the bards in their transcription, compilation, or reformation of the old epics.

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**Who acts:** fact, characters, facts · **What happens:** discover, corroborate, imply, employ, be, afford · **To what, where:** majority, raths, fact, other hand, bardic literature, proof

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This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fact, characters, facts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8109:5:88
# text = On the other hand, the fact that the majority of these stones are discovered in raths and forts, i.e., the tombs of our Pagan ancestors, corroborates the fact implied in all the bardic literature, that the characters employed in the ethnic times were Oghamic, and affords another proof of the close conservative spirit of the bards in their transcription, compilation, or reformation of the old epics.
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	fact	fact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
8	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	majority	majority	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	13	det	_	_
13	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
14	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	discovered	discover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	raths	rath	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	forts	fort	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	i.e.	i.e.	ADV	FW	_	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	tombs	tomb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	conj	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
27	Pagan	pagan	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	ancestors	ancestor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
30	corroborates	corroborate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	fact	fact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obj	_	_
33	implied	imply	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	32	acl	_	_
34	in	in	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
35	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	38	det:predet	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
37	bardic	bardic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	amod	_	_
38	literature	literature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
40	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	43	mark	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	characters	character	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	43	nsubj	_	_
43	employed	employ	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	conj	_	_
44	in	in	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	47	det	_	_
46	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	47	amod	_	_
47	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	49	obl	_	_
48	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	49	cop	_	_
49	Oghamic	oghamic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	43	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	52	punct	_	_
51	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	52	cc	_	_
52	affords	afford	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	conj	_	_
53	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	54	det	_	_
54	proof	proof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	obj	_	_
55	of	of	ADP	IN	_	59	case	_	_
56	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	59	det	_	_
57	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	59	amod	_	_
58	conservative	conservative	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	59	amod	_	_
59	spirit	spirit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	54	nmod	_	_
60	of	of	ADP	IN	_	62	case	_	_
61	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	62	det	_	_
62	bards	bard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	59	nmod	_	_
63	in	in	ADP	IN	_	65	case	_	_
64	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	65	nmod:poss	_	_
65	transcription	transcription	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	62	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
66	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	67	punct	_	_
67	compilation	compilation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	65	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
68	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	70	punct	_	_
69	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	70	cc	_	_
70	reformation	reformation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	obl	_	_
71	of	of	ADP	IN	_	74	case	_	_
72	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	74	det	_	_
73	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	74	amod	_	_
74	epics	epic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	70	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
75	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	30	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **discover** | present · passive | the fact *not said here* | the majority of this stones |  | raths and forts and the tombs of our Pagan ancestors |  |  | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |
| 2 | **corroborate** | present | the fact | the fact |  | the other hand |  |  | vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot fact=Topic |
| 3 | **imply** | participle |  | the fact *not said here* |  | all bardic literature |  |  | vn indicate-78 «NP V how S»: agent=Pivot |
| 4 | **employ** | past | the characters |  |  |  |  |  | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **is** | past |  |  |  |  | time | oghamic *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **afford** | present | the fact *not said here* | another proof of the close conservative spirit of the bards in facts's transcription and compilation |  |  |  | reformation of the old epics *obl* | tree rules |
| 7 | **proof** |  |  | the close conservative spirit of the bards in facts's transcription and compilation |  |  |  |  | nom proof «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
| 8 | **transcribe** |  | facts *= fact* |  |  |  |  |  | nom transcription «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
| 9 | **reform** |  |  | the old epics |  |  |  |  | nom reformation «state transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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