---
title: Regal Rome, as we know from Niebuhr, was not the root from which our… — Early Bardic Literature, Ireland. · tree and pragmatics
description: Regal Rome, as we know from Niebuhr, was not the root from which our Rome sprang, but an old imperial city, from whose ashes sprang that Rome we all know so well. Who acts: we, Regal Rome, Rome sprang. A sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ir
---

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# Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 6, sentence 36

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Regal Rome, as we know from Niebuhr, was not the root from which our Rome sprang, but an old imperial city, from whose ashes sprang that Rome we all know so well.

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**Who acts:** we, Regal Rome, Rome sprang · **What happens:** know, not be, spring · **To what, where:** Niebuhr, root, Rome

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This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, Regal Rome, Rome sprang), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8109:6:36
# text = Regal Rome, as we know from Niebuhr, was not the root from which our Rome sprang, but an old imperial city, from whose ashes sprang that Rome we all know so well.
1	Regal	regal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	Rome	Rome	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	know	know	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	advcl	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Niebuhr	Niebuhr	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	root	root	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	29	obl	_	_
16	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
17	Rome	Rome	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	sprang	sprang	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
20	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
21	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
22	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
23	imperial	imperial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	from	from	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	ashes	ash	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	conj	_	_
29	sprang	spring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	parataxis	_	_
30	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	34	mark	_	_
31	Rome	Rome	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	obl	_	_
32	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	34	nsubj	_	_
33	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	34	advmod	_	_
34	know	know	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	advcl	_	_
35	so	so	ADV	RB	_	36	advmod	_	_
36	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	34	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | present | we |  |  | Niebuhr |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **not** **is a** | past | Regal Rome | the root |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **spring** | past | our Rome sprang but a old imperial city and our Rome sprang but a old imperial city and Rome sprang's ashes's ashes |  |  | the root |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from which=Trajectory |
| 4 | **know** | present | we | Rome |  |  |  | well *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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