---
title: These battles are a parable--objective representations of a fact in… — Early Bardic Literature, Ireland. · tree and pragmatics
description: These battles are a parable--objective representations of a fact in the mental history of the ancient Irish--typifying the invisible war waged between Partholanian and Fomorian deities for the spiritual sovereignty of the Gael. Who acts: battles, parable, invisible war. A sentence of «Early Bardic L
---

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# Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Age of Partholan and the Earliest Fomorian Gods., sentence 6

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These battles are a parable--objective representations of a fact in the mental history of the ancient Irish--typifying the invisible war waged between Partholanian and Fomorian deities for the spiritual sovereignty of the Gael.

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**Who acts:** battles, parable, invisible war · **What happens:** be, typify, wage, represent · **To what, where:** parable, fact

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This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Age of Partholan and the Earliest Fomorian Gods.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (battles, parable, invisible war), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8109:8:6
# text = These battles are a parable--objective representations of a fact in the mental history of the ancient Irish--typifying the invisible war waged between Partholanian and Fomorian deities for the spiritual sovereignty of the Gael.
1	These	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	battles	battle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	parable	parable	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	objective	objective	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	representations	representation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	appos	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	fact	fact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	mental	mental	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
16	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	Irish	Irish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	typifying	typify	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	invisible	invisible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
25	waged	wage	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	ccomp	_	_
26	between	between	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	Partholanian	Partholanian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
29	Fomorian	fomorian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	deities	deity	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	conj	_	_
31	for	for	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
33	spiritual	spiritual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	sovereignty	sovereignty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nmod	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	Gael	Gael	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | this battles | a parable |  |  |  | objective representations of a fact in the mental history *appos* | tree rules |
| 2 | **typify** | gerund | a parable *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **wage** | past | the invisible war |  |  |  |  | between Partholanian and Fomorian deities for the spiritual sovereignty of the Gael | tree rules |
| 4 | **represent** |  |  | a fact in the mental history |  |  |  |  | nom representation «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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