---
title: [3] The bear cuddled down in his den, and the elk fled away to the f… — Legends of the Northwest · tree and pragmatics
description: [3] The bear cuddled down in his den, and the elk fled away to the forest; The pheasant and gray prairie-hen made their beds in the heart of the snow-drift; The bison-herds huddled and stood in the hollows and under the hill-sides; Or rooted the snow for their food in the lee of the bluffs and the t
---

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# Legends of the Northwest, The Feast of the Virgins., part 3, sentence 45

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\[3\] The bear cuddled down in his den, and the elk fled away to the forest; The pheasant and gray prairie-hen made their beds in the heart of the snow-drift; The bison-herds huddled and stood in the hollows and under the hill-sides; Or rooted the snow for their food in the lee of the bluffs and the timber; And the mad winds that howled from the north, from the ice-covered seas of Wazíya, Chased the gray wolf and red fox and swarth to their dens in the hills of the forest.

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**Who acts:** elk, pheasant, mad winds · **What happens:** cuddle down, flee away, make, huddle, stand, root · **To what, where:** 3, den, forest, beds, heart, bison herds

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, The Feast of the Virgins., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (elk, pheasant, mad winds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8122:10:45
# text = [3] The bear cuddled down in his den, and the elk fled away to the forest; The pheasant and gray prairie-hen made their beds in the heart of the snow-drift; The bison-herds huddled and stood in the hollows and under the hill-sides; Or rooted the snow for their food in the lee of the bluffs and the timber; And the mad winds that howled from the north, from the ice-covered seas of Wazíya, Chased the gray wolf and red fox and swarth to their dens in the hills of the forest.
1	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	cuddled	cuddle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	down	down	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	den	den	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	elk	elk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	_
15	fled	flee	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
16	away	away	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	28	punct	_	_
21	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	pheasant	pheasant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
24	gray	gray	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
25	prairie	prairie	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	hen	hen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	_
28	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
29	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	30	nmod:poss	_	_
30	beds	bed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	obj	_	_
31	in	in	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
36	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	36	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	drift	drift	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	43	punct	_	_
40	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
41	bison	bison	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	41	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	herds	herd	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
44	huddled	huddle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	43	acl	_	_
45	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	46	cc	_	_
46	stood	stand	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	44	conj	_	_
47	in	in	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
48	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	49	det	_	_
49	hollows	hollow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	44	obl	_	_
50	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	55	cc	_	_
51	under	under	ADP	IN	_	55	case	_	_
52	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	55	det	_	_
53	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	55	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	53	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
55	sides	side	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	49	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
56	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	58	punct	_	_
57	Or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	58	cc	_	_
58	rooted	root	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
59	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	60	det	_	_
60	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	58	obj	_	_
61	for	for	ADP	IN	_	63	case	_	_
62	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	63	nmod:poss	_	_
63	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	58	obl	_	_
64	in	in	ADP	IN	_	66	case	_	_
65	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	66	det	_	_
66	lee	lee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	58	obl	_	_
67	of	of	ADP	IN	_	69	case	_	_
68	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	69	det	_	_
69	bluffs	bluff	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	66	nmod	_	_
70	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	72	cc	_	_
71	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	72	det	_	_
72	timber	timber	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	69	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
73	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	77	punct	_	_
74	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	77	cc	_	_
75	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	77	det	_	_
76	mad	mad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	77	amod	_	_
77	winds	wind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
78	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	79	nsubj	_	_
79	howled	howl	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	77	acl:relcl	_	_
80	from	from	ADP	IN	_	82	case	_	_
81	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	82	det	_	_
82	north	north	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	79	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
83	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	89	punct	_	_
84	from	from	ADP	IN	_	89	case	_	_
85	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	89	det	_	_
86	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	88	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
87	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	86	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
88	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	89	amod	_	_
89	seas	sea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	79	obl	_	_
90	of	of	ADP	IN	_	91	case	_	_
91	Wazíya	Wazíya	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	89	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
92	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	93	punct	_	_
93	Chased	chase	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	79	conj	_	_
94	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	96	det	_	_
95	gray	gray	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	96	amod	_	_
96	wolf	wolf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	93	obj	_	_
97	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	99	cc	_	_
98	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	99	amod	_	_
99	fox	fox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	96	conj	_	_
100	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	101	cc	_	_
101	swarth	swarth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	99	conj	_	_
102	to	to	ADP	IN	_	104	case	_	_
103	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	104	nmod:poss	_	_
104	dens	den	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	93	obl	_	_
105	in	in	ADP	IN	_	107	case	_	_
106	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	107	det	_	_
107	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	104	nmod	_	_
108	of	of	ADP	IN	_	110	case	_	_
109	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	110	det	_	_
110	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	107	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
111	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cuddle down** | participle · passive |  | 3 |  | Wazíya's den |  | the bison herds *obl*; the mad winds *obl*; the bear *nsubj* | vn marry-36.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Agent |
| 2 | **flee away** | past | the elk |  |  | the forest |  | away *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to forest=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **make** | past | the pheasant and gray prairie hen | pheasant's beds |  | the heart of the snow drift |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset bed=Product |
| 4 | **huddle** | participle |  | the bison herds *not said here* |  | the hollows and the hill sides |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in hollow=Location |
| 5 | **stand** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **root** | past |  | the snow |  | the lee of the bluffs and the timber |  | for pheasant's food | vn rummage-35.5-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent snow=Location for food=Theme |
| 7 | **howl** | past | the mad winds |  |  | the north |  | from the covered seas of Wazíya | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **cover** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | ice *compound* | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |
| 9 | **chase** | past | the mad winds *not said here* | the gray wolf and red fox and swarth |  | pheasant's dens in the hills of the forest |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent wolf=Theme to den=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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