---
title: The brave, jolly boatman,--he never is afraid When he meets at the p… — Legends of the Northwest · tree and pragmatics
description: The brave, jolly boatman,--he never is afraid When he meets at the portage a red, forest maid, A Huron, or a Cree, or a blooming Chippeway; And he marks his trail with the _bois brulès_. Who acts: Merry. A sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, The Feast of the Virgins., pa
---

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# Legends of the Northwest, The Feast of the Virgins., part 5, sentence 69

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The brave, jolly boatman,--he never is afraid When he meets at the portage a red, forest maid, A Huron, or a Cree, or a blooming Chippeway; And he marks his trail with the \_bois brulès\_.

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**Who acts:** Merry · **What happens:** not be, meet, bloom, mark · **To what, where:** red forest maid, portage, trail, brave jolly boatman

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, The Feast of the Virgins., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Merry), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8122:12:70
# text = The brave, jolly boatman,--he never is afraid When he meets at the portage a red, forest maid, A Huron, or a Cree, or a blooming Chippeway; And he marks his trail with the _bois brulès_.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	brave	brave	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	jolly	jolly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	boatman	boatman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
9	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	afraid	afraid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
12	When	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	14	mark	_	_
13	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	meets	meet	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	advcl	_	_
15	at	at	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	portage	portage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
19	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
21	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	_
22	maid	maid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	Huron	Huron	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
27	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
28	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	Cree	Cree	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
31	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
32	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
33	blooming	bloom	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	34	amod	_	_
34	Chippeway	chippeway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	38	punct	_	_
36	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
37	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	38	nsubj	_	_
38	marks	mark	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
39	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	40	nmod:poss	_	_
40	trail	trail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obj	_	_
41	with	with	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
42	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
43	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	45	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	bois	bois	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	compound	_	_
45	brulès	brulè	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	38	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	38	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | present | Merry |  |  |  |  | a Cree *obl*; afraid *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **meet** | present | Merry | a red forest maid |  | the portage |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent maid=Co-Agent |
| 3 | **bloom** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn entity\_specific\_modes\_being-47.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **mark** | present | Merry | Merry's trail |  |  |  | with the bois brulès | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent trail=Destination with brulè=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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