---
title: The breath of the evening is cold, and lurid along the horizon The f… — Legends of the Northwest · tree and pragmatics
description: The breath of the evening is cold, and lurid along the horizon The flames of the prairies are rolled, on the somber skies flashing their torches. Who acts: breath, somber skies, prairies. A sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, The Feast of the Virgins., part 6, with its d
---

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# Legends of the Northwest, The Feast of the Virgins., part 6, sentence 55

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The breath of the evening is cold, and lurid along the horizon The flames of the prairies are rolled, on the somber skies flashing their torches.

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**Who acts:** breath, somber skies, prairies · **What happens:** be, roll, flash, flame · **To what, where:** flames, somber skies, torches

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, The Feast of the Virgins., part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (breath, somber skies, prairies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8122:13:55
# text = The breath of the evening is cold, and lurid along the horizon The flames of the prairies are rolled, on the somber skies flashing their torches.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	evening	evening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	lurid	lurid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	_
11	along	along	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	horizon	horizon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
14	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	flames	flame	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	prairies	prairie	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	_
19	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	rolled	roll	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
22	on	on	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	somber	somber	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	skies	sky	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	_
26	flashing	flash	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	25	acl	_	_
27	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	torches	torch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the breath of the evening |  |  |  |  | cold *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the breath of the evening *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **roll** | present · passive |  | the flames of the prairies |  | the somber skies |  | along the horizon | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP PP.source PP.destination PP.trajectory»: subject=Theme along horizon=Initial\_Location on sky=Trajectory |
| 4 | **flash** | gerund | the somber skies *not said here* | prairies's torches |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent torch=Theme |
| 5 | **flame** |  | the prairies |  |  |  |  |  | nom flame «process intransitive»: of=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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