--- title: From his frost-covered beard issued forth the sharp-biting, shrill-w… — Legends of the Northwest · tree and pragmatics description: From his frost-covered beard issued forth the sharp-biting, shrill-whistling North-wind; At the touch of his breath the wide earth turned to stone, and the lakes and the rivers; From his nostrils the white vapors rose, and they covered the sky like a blanket. Who acts: white vapors, vapors. A senten --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/14/6/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Legends of the Northwest](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/) / [The Feast of the Virgins., part 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/14/) / 6 # Legends of the Northwest, The Feast of the Virgins., part 7, sentence 6 From his frost-covered beard issued forth the sharp-biting, shrill-whistling North-wind; At the touch of his breath the wide earth turned to stone, and the lakes and the rivers; From his nostrils the white vapors rose, and they covered the sky like a blanket. **Who acts:** white vapors, vapors · **What happens:** cover, issue, bite, whistle, turn, rise · **To what, where:** covered beard, wide earth, stone, nostrils, sky, breath This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, The Feast of the Virgins., part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (white vapors, vapors), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg8122:14:6 # text = From his frost-covered beard issued forth the sharp-biting, shrill-whistling North-wind; At the touch of his breath the wide earth turned to stone, and the lakes and the rivers; From his nostrils the white vapors rose, and they covered the sky like a blanket. 1 From from ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 2 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ _ 3 frost frost NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 4 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 3 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 5 covered cover VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 6 amod _ _ 6 beard beard NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 7 issued issue VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 6 acl _ _ 8 forth forth ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 10 sharp sharp ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod _ SpaceAfter=No 11 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 10 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 12 biting bite VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 19 csubj _ SpaceAfter=No 13 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 14 shrill shrill ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ SpaceAfter=No 15 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 14 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 16 whistling whistle VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 19 amod _ _ 17 North North PROPN NNP Number=Sing 19 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 18 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 17 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 19 wind wind NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl:agent _ SpaceAfter=No 20 ; ; PUNCT : _ 23 punct _ _ 21 At at ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 touch touch NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 conj _ _ 24 of of ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ _ 26 breath breath NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nmod _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 28 wide wide ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 earth earth NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nmod _ _ 30 turned turn VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 29 acl _ _ 31 to to ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 stone stone NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 33 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 35 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 lakes lake NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 conj _ _ 37 and and CCONJ CC _ 39 cc _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 39 rivers river NOUN NNS Number=Plur 36 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 40 ; ; PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 41 From from ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 42 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 43 nmod:poss _ _ 43 nostrils nostril NOUN NNS Number=Plur 47 obl _ _ 44 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 46 det _ _ 45 white white ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 46 amod _ _ 46 vapors vapor NOUN NNS Number=Plur 47 nsubj _ _ 47 rose rise VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 23 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 48 , , PUNCT , _ 51 punct _ _ 49 and and CCONJ CC _ 51 cc _ _ 50 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 51 nsubj _ _ 51 covered cover VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 47 conj _ _ 52 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 53 det _ _ 53 sky sky NOUN NN Number=Sing 51 obj _ _ 54 like like ADP IN _ 56 case _ _ 55 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 56 det _ _ 56 blanket blanket NOUN NN Number=Sing 51 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 57 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **cover** | participle | | | | | | frost *compound* | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **issue** | participle | | Wazíya's covered beard and the touch of Wazíya's breath the wide earth and the lakes and the rivers *not said here* | | | | the sharp whistling North wind *obl:agent*; forth *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **bite** | gerund | | | | | | | vn swat-18.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **whistle** | gerund | | | | | | | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **turn** | participle | | the wide earth *not said here* | | stone | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme to stone=Trajectory | | 6 | **rise** | past | the white vapors | | | Wazíya's nostrils | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from nostril=Initial\_Location | | 7 | **cover** | past | vapors *= vapor* | the sky | | | | like a blanket | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme sky=Destination | | 9 | **touch** | | | Wazíya's breath | | | | | nom touch «event transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/14/5/) - next →: [sentence 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/14/7/) - ↑ back to [The Feast of the Virgins., part 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/14/)