---
title: Ever colder and colder it grew, till the frozen earth cracked and sp… — Legends of the Northwest · tree and pragmatics
description: Ever colder and colder it grew, till the frozen earth cracked and split open; And harder and harder it blew, till the prairies were bare as the boulders. Who acts: bison, prairies. A sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, The Feast of the Virgins., part 7, with its dependen
---

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# Legends of the Northwest, The Feast of the Virgins., part 7, sentence 9

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Ever colder and colder it grew, till the frozen earth cracked and split open; And harder and harder it blew, till the prairies were bare as the boulders.

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**Who acts:** bison, prairies · **What happens:** grow, freeze, crack, split, blow, be · **To what, where:** frozen earth

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, The Feast of the Virgins., part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bison, prairies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8122:14:9
# text = Ever colder and colder it grew, till the frozen earth cracked and split open; And harder and harder it blew, till the prairies were bare as the boulders.
1	Ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	2	advmod	_	_
2	colder	cold	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	colder	cold	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	conj	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	till	till	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	frozen	freeze	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	amod	_	_
11	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
12	cracked	crack	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	split	split	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	conj	_	_
15	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
17	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	harder	hard	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	conj	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	harder	hard	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	22	advmod	_	_
21	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	blew	blow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
24	till	till	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	prairies	prairie	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	nsubj	_	_
27	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	cop	_	_
28	bare	bare	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	ccomp	_	_
29	as	as	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	boulders	boulder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | past | bison |  |  |  | till the frozen earth |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **freeze** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **crack** | participle |  | the frozen earth *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **split** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | open *property* | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **blow** | past | bison |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient |
| 6 | **is** | past | the prairies |  |  |  |  | as the boulders; bare *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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