---
title: Mihihna, [d] Mihihna, my heart is stone; The light is gone from my l… — Legends of the Northwest · tree and pragmatics
description: Mihihna, [d] Mihihna, my heart is stone; The light is gone from my longing eyes; The wounded loon in the lake alone Her death-song sings to the moon and dies. Who acts: heart, Mihihna, wounded loon, loon. A sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, The Legend., with its depend
---

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# Legends of the Northwest, The Legend., sentence 31

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Mihihna, \[d\] Mihihna, my heart is stone; The light is gone from my longing eyes; The wounded loon in the lake alone Her death-song sings to the moon and dies.

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**Who acts:** heart, Mihihna, wounded loon, loon · **What happens:** be, sing, die · **To what, where:** stone, longing eyes, moon

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, The Legend.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heart, Mihihna, wounded loon, loon), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8122:17:31
# text = Mihihna, [d] Mihihna, my heart is stone; The light is gone from my longing eyes; The wounded loon in the lake alone Her death-song sings to the moon and dies.
1	Mihihna	Mihihna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	d	D	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	4	punct	_	_
6	Mihihna	Mihihna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
13	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
16	gone	gone	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
17	from	from	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
19	longing	longing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	33	punct	_	_
22	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	wounded	wounded	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	loon	loon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nsubj	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
28	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
29	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	32	nmod:poss	_	_
30	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	song	song	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nsubj	_	_
33	sings	sing	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	conj	_	_
34	to	to	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	moon	moon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
38	dies	die	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	33	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | my heart | stone |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | Mihihna and stone |  |  | my longing eyes |  | the light *nsubj*; gone *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **sing** *speech: express* | present | the wounded loon in the lake |  | the moon |  |  | loon's death song *nsubj* | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to moon=Recipient |
| 4 | **die** | present | the wounded loon in the lake *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 5 | **sing** |  | loon |  |  |  |  |  | nom song «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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