---
title: But as winter followed winter Cold and sullen grew the Panther; Sat… — Legends of the Northwest · tree and pragmatics
description: But as winter followed winter Cold and sullen grew the Panther; Sat and smoked his pipe in silence; When he spoke he spoke in anger; In the forest often tarried Many days, and homeward turning, Brought no game unto his wigwam: Only brought his empty quiver, Brought his dark and sullen visage. Who ac
---

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# Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 1, sentence 17

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But as winter followed winter Cold and sullen grew the Panther; Sat and smoked his pipe in silence; When he spoke he spoke in anger; In the forest often tarried Many days, and homeward turning, Brought no game unto his wigwam: Only brought his empty quiver, Brought his dark and sullen visage.

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**Who acts:** winter, panther · **What happens:** follow, grow, smoke, speak, tarry, bring · **To what, where:** Panther, pipe, silence, anger, forest, game · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (winter, panther), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8122:18:17
# text = But as winter followed winter Cold and sullen grew the Panther; Sat and smoked his pipe in silence; When he spoke he spoke in anger; In the forest often tarried Many days, and homeward turning, Brought no game unto his wigwam: Only brought his empty quiver, Brought his dark and sullen visage.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
2	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
3	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	followed	follow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
5	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	Cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	sullen	sullen	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
9	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Panther	panther	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	Sat	Saturday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	smoked	smoke	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	pipe	pipe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	silence	silence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
21	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	23	advmod	_	_
22	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
23	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	parataxis	_	_
24	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
25	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	parataxis	_	_
26	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	anger	anger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
29	In	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	_
32	often	often	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
33	tarried	tarry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	conj	_	_
34	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
35	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
38	homeward	homeward	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	compound	_	_
39	turning	turning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
41	Brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	parataxis	_	_
42	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	43	det	_	_
43	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	obj	_	_
44	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
45	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	46	nmod:poss	_	_
46	wigwam	wigwam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	49	punct	_	_
48	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	49	advmod	_	_
49	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	41	conj	_	_
50	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	52	nmod:poss	_	_
51	empty	empty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	52	amod	_	_
52	quiver	quiver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	54	punct	_	_
54	Brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	49	conj	_	_
55	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	59	nmod:poss	_	_
56	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	59	amod	_	_
57	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	58	cc	_	_
58	sullen	sullen	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	56	conj	_	_
59	visage	visage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	54	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
60	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | past | winter |  |  |  | winter |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **grow** | past |  | the Panther |  |  | saturday | homeward turning *obl* | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location panther=Theme |
| 3 | **smoke** | past |  | panther's pipe |  | silence |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent pipe=Source |
| 4 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | panther |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | panther |  |  | anger |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **tarry** | past | panther *not said here* |  |  | the forest | day | often *property* | vn linger-53.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in forest=Location |
| 7 | **bring** | past |  | no game |  |  |  | unto panther's wigwam | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent game=Theme |
| 8 | **bring** | past |  | panther's empty quiver |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent quiver=Theme |
| 9 | **bring** | past |  | panther's dark visage |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent visage=Theme |
| 10 | **quiver** |  | panther |  |  |  |  |  | nom quiver «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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