---
title: By the lodge-fire all the winter Sat the Sea-Gull and the Red Fox, S… — Legends of the Northwest · tree and pragmatics
description: By the lodge-fire all the winter Sat the Sea-Gull and the Red Fox, Sat and kindly spoke and chatted, Till the twain seemed friends together. Who acts: winter, twain. A sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 1, with its dependency tree and th
---

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# Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 1, sentence 77

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By the lodge-fire all the winter Sat the Sea-Gull and the Red Fox, Sat and kindly spoke and chatted, Till the twain seemed friends together.

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**Who acts:** winter, twain · **What happens:** sit, speak, chat, seem · **To what, where:** Sea Gull, friends · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (winter, twain), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8122:18:77
# text = By the lodge-fire all the winter Sat the Sea-Gull and the Red Fox, Sat and kindly spoke and chatted, Till the twain seemed friends together.
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
3	lodge	lodge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
6	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	8	det:predet	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	Sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
11	Sea	Sea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	Gull	Gull	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	Red	Red	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	flat	_	_
17	Fox	Fox	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	Sat	Saturday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	kindly	kindly	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
22	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	chatted	chat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
26	Till	till	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	twain	twain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
29	seemed	seem	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	ccomp	_	_
30	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	xcomp	_	_
31	together	together	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past | all winter | the Sea Gull and the Red Fox and Sat |  |  |  | by the lodge fire | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent gull=Theme by fire=Location |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | all winter *not said here* |  |  |  |  | kindly *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **chat** *speech: other* | past | all winter *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **seem** | past | the twain | friends |  |  |  | together *property* | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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