---
title: Ah, birch canoe, and hunter, too, have long forsaken lake and shore:… — Legends of the Northwest · tree and pragmatics
description: Ah, birch canoe, and hunter, too, have long forsaken lake and shore: He bade his father's bones adieu and turned away forevermore. Who acts: lake. A sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of eve
---

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# Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 2, sentence 98

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Ah, birch canoe, and hunter, too, have long forsaken lake and shore: He bade his father's bones adieu and turned away forevermore.

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**Who acts:** lake · **What happens:** forsake, bade, turn away · **To what, where:** birch canoe, bones adieu

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lake), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8122:19:98
# text = Ah, birch canoe, and hunter, too, have long forsaken lake and shore: He bade his father's bones adieu and turned away forevermore.
1	Ah	ah	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	birch	birch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	canoe	canoe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	hunter	hunter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
9	too	too	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
11	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
12	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	13	advmod	_	_
13	forsaken	forsake	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
14	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	shore	shore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
18	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	bade	bade	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
20	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	's	's	PART	POS	_	21	case	_	_
23	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	compound	_	_
24	adieu	adieu	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	conj	_	_
27	away	away	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
28	forevermore	forevermore	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **forsake** | present · perfect · passive |  | birch canoe |  |  |  | lake and shore *obj*; long *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **bade** | past | lake | bones adieu |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **turn away** | past | lake *not said here* |  |  |  |  | away, forevermore *property* | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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