---
title: I have for several years devoted many of my leisure hours to the stu… — Legends of the Northwest · tree and pragmatics
description: I have for several years devoted many of my leisure hours to the study of the language, history, traditions, customs and superstitions of the Dakotas. Who acts: I, several years. A sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, The Sea-gull, the Ojibwa Legend of the Pictured Rocks 
---

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# Legends of the Northwest, The Sea-gull, the Ojibwa Legend of the Pictured Rocks of Lake Superior., sentence 3

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I have for several years devoted many of my leisure hours to the study of the language, history, traditions, customs and superstitions of the Dakotas.

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**Who acts:** I, several years · **What happens:** have, devote, study · **To what, where:** study, language

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, The Sea-gull, the Ojibwa Legend of the Pictured Rocks of Lake Superior.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, several years), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8122:2:4
# text = I have for several years devoted many of my leisure hours to the study of the language, history, traditions, customs and superstitions of the Dakotas.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
4	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	devoted	devote	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
7	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
10	leisure	leisure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	study	study	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	traditions	tradition	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	customs	custom	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	conj	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	superstitions	superstition	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	conj	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	Dakotas	dakota	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **devote** | past | several years |  |  |  | hour | to the study of the language and history and traditions and customs and superstitions of the Dakotas *goal* | vn dedicate-79 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent to study=Goal |
| 3 | **study** |  |  | the language and history |  |  |  |  | nom study «act transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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