---
title: In my studies for these Legends I have been greatly aided by Rev. S.… — Legends of the Northwest · tree and pragmatics
description: In my studies for these Legends I have been greatly aided by Rev. S. R. Riggs, author of the Grammar and Dictionary of the Dakota language, "Tah-Koo Wah-Kan," &c., and for many years a missionary among the Dakotas. Who acts: Rev. S. R., my. A sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox 
---

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# Legends of the Northwest, The Sea-gull, the Ojibwa Legend of the Pictured Rocks of Lake Superior., sentence 33

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In my studies for these Legends I have been greatly aided by Rev. S. R. Riggs, author of the Grammar and Dictionary of the Dakota language, "Tah-Koo Wah-Kan," &c., and for many years a missionary among the Dakotas.

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**Who acts:** Rev. S. R., my · **What happens:** aid, study · **To what, where:** I, Tah Koo

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, The Sea-gull, the Ojibwa Legend of the Pictured Rocks of Lake Superior.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rev. S. R., my), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8122:2:34
# text = In my studies for these Legends I have been greatly aided by Rev. S. R. Riggs, author of the Grammar and Dictionary of the Dakota language, "Tah-Koo Wah-Kan," &c., and for many years a missionary among the Dakotas.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	studies	study	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	obl	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
6	Legends	legend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
7	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
8	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
9	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	11	aux:pass	_	_
10	greatly	greatly	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	aided	aid	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl:relcl	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	Rev.	Rev.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
14	S.	S.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	R.	R.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
16	Riggs	Riggs	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	author	author	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	Grammar	Grammar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	Dictionary	Dictionary	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	Dakota	Dakota	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	compound	_	_
27	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
29	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	32	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	Tah	Tah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	Koo	Koo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
33	Wah	Wah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	35	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	Kan	Kan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	39	punct	_	_
38	&	&	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	c.	c.	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
41	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	44	cc	_	_
42	for	for	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
43	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	44	amod	_	_
44	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	parataxis	_	_
45	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
46	missionary	missionary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	appos	_	_
47	among	among	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
48	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	49	det	_	_
49	Dakotas	dakota	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	46	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	32	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **aid** | present · perfect · passive | Rev. S. R. | I |  |  |  | greatly *property* | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Beneficiary |
| 3 | **study** |  | my |  |  |  |  | for this Legends | nom study «act transitive»: poss=agent for=obl |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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