---
title: [Footnote 38: Carver's Cave at St. Paul was called by the Dakotas "W… — Legends of the Northwest · tree and pragmatics
description: [Footnote 38: Carver's Cave at St. Paul was called by the Dakotas "Wakân Teepee"--sacred lodge. Who acts: Dakotas. A sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3, sentence 134

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\[Footnote 38: Carver's Cave at St. Paul was called by the Dakotas "Wakân Teepee"--sacred lodge.

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**Who acts:** Dakotas · **What happens:** call · **To what, where:** Footnote · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dakotas), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8122:20:134
# text = [Footnote 38: Carver's Cave at St. Paul was called by the Dakotas "Wakân Teepee"--sacred lodge.
1	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Footnote	footnote	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	38	38	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
5	Carver	carver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	Cave	cave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	St.	St.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod:desc	_	_
10	Paul	Paul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
13	by	by	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	Dakotas	Dakotas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	Wakân	Wakân	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	Teepee	teepee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	sacred	sacred	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	lodge	lodge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | past · passive | the Dakotas | Footnote |  |  |  | Carver's Cave at Paul  St. *nsubj:pass*; Wakân Teepee and sacred lodge *xcomp* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent subject=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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