---
title: In the days that are no more, they lighted their Council-fires in th… — Legends of the Northwest · tree and pragmatics
description: In the days that are no more, they lighted their Council-fires in this cave, and buried their dead near it. Who acts: days, lodge. A sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3, sentence 135

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In the days that are no more, they lighted their Council-fires in this cave, and buried their dead near it.

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**Who acts:** days, lodge · **What happens:** not be, light, bury, fire · **To what, where:** Council fires, cave, dead, fire

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (days, lodge), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8122:20:135
# text = In the days that are no more, they lighted their Council-fires in this cave, and buried their dead near it.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	no	no	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
9	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	lighted	light	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
12	Council	Council	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	fires	fire	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	17	det	_	_
17	cave	cave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	buried	bury	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
21	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	obj	_	_
23	near	near	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | present | the days |  |  |  |  | more *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **light** | past | lodge | lodge's Council fires |  | this cave | day |  | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Product |
| 3 | **bury** | past | lodge *not said here* | lodge's dead |  | fire |  |  | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent dead=Theme near it=Destination |
| 4 | **fire** |  | lodge |  |  |  |  |  | nom fire «event transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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