---
title: These several "Little Crows" were successively Chiefs of the Light-f… — Legends of the Northwest · tree and pragmatics
description: These several "Little Crows" were successively Chiefs of the Light-foot, or Kapóza band of Dakotas. A sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3, sentence 17

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These several "Little Crows" were successively Chiefs of the Light-foot, or Kapóza band of Dakotas.

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**What happens:** be · **To what, where:** Chiefs, several Little Crows

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8122:20:17
# text = These several "Little Crows" were successively Chiefs of the Light-foot, or Kapóza band of Dakotas.
1	These	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	5	nsubj	_	_
2	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
3	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	Little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	Crows	crow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
7	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	successively	successively	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	Chiefs	Chief	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
12	Light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	foot	foot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	Kapóza	Kapóza	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	band	band	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	Dakotas	Dakotas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past |  | Chiefs or Kapóza band of Dakotas |  |  |  | of the Light foot; Kapóza band of Dakotas *conj*; successively *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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