---
title: Therefore Wâpasa means the Standard--and not the "Leaf-Shaker," as m… — Legends of the Northwest · tree and pragmatics
description: Therefore Wâpasa means the Standard--and not the "Leaf-Shaker," as many writers have it. Who acts: Wâpasa, many writers. A sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3, sentence 39

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Therefore Wâpasa means the Standard--and not the "Leaf-Shaker," as many writers have it.

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**Who acts:** Wâpasa, many writers · **What happens:** mean, have · **To what, where:** Standard, Leaf Shaker

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wâpasa, many writers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8122:20:39
# text = Therefore Wâpasa means the Standard--and not the "Leaf-Shaker," as many writers have it.
1	Therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	Wâpasa	Wâpasa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Standard	Standard	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
10	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	Leaf	leaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	Shaker	Shaker	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	_
16	as	as	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	writers	writer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nsubj	_	_
19	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
20	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Wâpasa | the Standard |  |  |  | therefore *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent standard=Topic |
| 2 | **have** | present | many writers | the Leaf Shaker |  |  |  | Standard *obj* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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