---
title: Ke-úk-sa signifies--The village of law-breakers; so-called because t… — Legends of the Northwest · tree and pragmatics
description: Ke-úk-sa signifies--The village of law-breakers; so-called because this band broke the law or custom of the Dakotas against marrying blood relatives of any degree. Who acts: Ke úk sa, band, law. A sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3, wi
---

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# Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3, sentence 41

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Ke-úk-sa signifies--The village of law-breakers; so-called because this band broke the law or custom of the Dakotas against marrying blood relatives of any degree.

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**Who acts:** Ke úk sa, band, law · **What happens:** signify, call, break, marry · **To what, where:** village, law, blood relatives · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ke úk sa, band, law), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8122:20:41
# text = Ke-úk-sa signifies--The village of law-breakers; so-called because this band broke the law or custom of the Dakotas against marrying blood relatives of any degree.
1	Ke	Ke	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	úk	úk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	sa	sa	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	signifies	signify	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	breakers	breaker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	so	so	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	parataxis	_	_
18	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
19	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	20	det	_	_
20	band	band	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
21	broke	break	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	advcl	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
24	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	custom	custom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	Dakotas	Dakota	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	25	nmod	_	_
29	against	against	SCONJ	IN	_	30	mark	_	_
30	marrying	marry	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	23	acl	_	_
31	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	compound	_	_
32	relatives	relative	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	obj	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	35	det	_	_
35	degree	degree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **signify** | present | Ke úk sa | the village of law breakers |  |  |  |  | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot village=Theme |
| 2 | **call** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **break** | past | this band | the law or custom of the Dakotas |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer law=Patient |
| 4 | **marry** | gerund | the law or custom of the Dakotas *not said here* | blood relatives of any degree |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent relative=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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