---
title: They say one was once killed at White Bear Lake (but a few miles fro… — Legends of the Northwest · tree and pragmatics
description: They say one was once killed at White Bear Lake (but a few miles from St. Paul and Minneapolis), and they therefore named the lake Medé Mató--White Bear Lake.] Who acts: Dakotas. A sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3, with its dependenc
---

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# Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3, sentence 56

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They say one was once killed at White Bear Lake (but a few miles from St. Paul and Minneapolis), and they therefore named the lake Medé Mató--White Bear Lake.\]

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**Who acts:** Dakotas · **What happens:** say, kill, name · **To what, where:** one, White Bear Lake, lake · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dakotas), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8122:20:56
# text = They say one was once killed at White Bear Lake (but a few miles from St. Paul and Minneapolis), and they therefore named the lake Medé Mató--White Bear Lake.]
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	say	say	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
5	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	6	advmod	_	_
6	killed	kill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	White	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	Bear	Bear	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	Lake	Lake	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
11	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	miles	mile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	appos	_	_
16	from	from	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	St.	St.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod:desc	_	_
18	Paul	Paul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	Minneapolis	Minneapolis	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
24	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
25	therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
26	named	name	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	_
29	Medé	Medé	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	appos	_	_
30	Mató	Mató	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	White	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
33	Bear	Bear	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	compound	_	_
34	Lake	Lake	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Dakotas *= dakota* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **kill** | past · passive |  | one |  | White Bear Lake |  | once *property* | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **name** | past | Dakotas *= dakota* | the lake and White Bear Lake |  |  |  | therefore *property* | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lake=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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