---
title: It must be done by a virgin, nor must any woman, except a virgin, ev… — Legends of the Northwest · tree and pragmatics
description: It must be done by a virgin, nor must any woman, except a virgin, ever touch the "sacred armor" of a Dakota warrior. Who acts: virgin. A sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3, sentence 80

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It must be done by a virgin, nor must any woman, except a virgin, ever touch the "sacred armor" of a Dakota warrior.

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**Who acts:** virgin · **What happens:** do, touch · **To what, where:** friction, sacred armor

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (virgin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8122:20:80
# text = It must be done by a virgin, nor must any woman, except a virgin, ever touch the "sacred armor" of a Dakota warrior.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	virgin	virgin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	10	cc	_	_
10	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
11	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	12	det	_	_
12	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	except	except	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	virgin	virgin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	19	advmod	_	_
19	touch	touch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
21	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	sacred	sacred	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	armor	armor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	23	punct	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	Dakota	Dakota	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	compound	_	_
28	warrior	warrior	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | must · passive | a virgin | friction |  |  |  | except a virgin | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Eventuality |
| 2 | **touch** | infinitive | a virgin *not said here* | the sacred armor of a Dakota warrior |  |  | ever |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme armor=Co-Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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