---
title: Some authorities say they called it I-ha-ha pronounced E-rhah-rhah--… — Legends of the Northwest · tree and pragmatics
description: Some authorities say they called it I-ha-ha pronounced E-rhah-rhah--lightly laughing. Who acts: authorities, I, ha ha. A sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 4, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 4, sentence 128

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Some authorities say they called it I-ha-ha pronounced E-rhah-rhah--lightly laughing.

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**Who acts:** authorities, I, ha ha · **What happens:** say, call, ha, pronounce, laugh · **To what, where:** name, E-rhah-rhah · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (authorities, I, ha ha), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8122:21:128
# text = Some authorities say they called it I-ha-ha pronounced E-rhah-rhah--lightly laughing.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	authorities	authority	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	say	say	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	called	call	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	ha	ha	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	ha	ha	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	xcomp	_	_
12	pronounced	pronounce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	_
13	E-rhah-rhah	E-rhah-rhah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	lightly	lightly	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	laughing	laugh	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | some authorities |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **call** | past | authorities *= authority* | name |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Recipient |
| 3 | **ha** |  | I |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **pronounce** | participle | ha ha *not said here* | E-rhah-rhah |  |  |  |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent e-rhah-rhah=Result |
| 5 | **laugh** | gerund | some authorities *not said here* |  |  |  |  | lightly *property* | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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