---
title: The balmy clouds from his pipe float over the hills and woodland, fi… — Legends of the Northwest · tree and pragmatics
description: The balmy clouds from his pipe float over the hills and woodland, filling the air with the haze of "Indian Summer." Who acts: balmy clouds, Indian Summer. A sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 5, with its dependency tree and the pragmatic
---

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# Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 5, sentence 45

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The balmy clouds from his pipe float over the hills and woodland, filling the air with the haze of "Indian Summer."

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**Who acts:** balmy clouds, Indian Summer · **What happens:** fill, haze · **To what, where:** air

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (balmy clouds, Indian Summer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8122:22:45
# text = The balmy clouds from his pipe float over the hills and woodland, filling the air with the haze of "Indian Summer."
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	balmy	balmy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	clouds	cloud	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	pipe	pipe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	float	float	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
8	over	over	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	woodland	woodland	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	filling	fill	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	haze	haze	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	Indian	Indian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	Summer	Summer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fill** | gerund | the balmy clouds from ere's pipe float over the hills and woodland | the air |  |  |  | with the haze of Indian Summer | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent air=Patient with haze=Instrument |
| 2 | **haze** |  | Indian Summer |  |  |  |  |  | nom haze «phenomenon intransitive»: of=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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