---
title: [Footnote 1027: The Jossakeeds of the Ojibways are sooth-sayers who… — Legends of the Northwest · tree and pragmatics
description: [Footnote 1027: The Jossakeeds of the Ojibways are sooth-sayers who are able, by the aid of spirits, to read the past as well as the future.] Who acts: Jossakeeds, sooth sayers. A sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Footnotes to the Sea-gull:, with its dependency tree an
---

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# Legends of the Northwest, Footnotes to the Sea-gull:, sentence 56

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\[Footnote 1027: The Jossakeeds of the Ojibways are sooth-sayers who are able, by the aid of spirits, to read the past as well as the future.\]

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**Who acts:** Jossakeeds, sooth sayers · **What happens:** be, read · **To what, where:** sooth sayers, past, Footnote

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Footnotes to the Sea-gull:. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jossakeeds, sooth sayers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8122:23:56
# text = [Footnote 1027: The Jossakeeds of the Ojibways are sooth-sayers who are able, by the aid of spirits, to read the past as well as the future.]
1	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Footnote	footnote	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	1027	1027	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
5	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Jossakeeds	jossakeed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Ojibways	ojibway	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
10	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
11	sooth	sooth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	sayers	sayer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
14	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	16	nsubj	_	_
15	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
16	able	able	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	by	by	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	aid	aid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	spirits	spirit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
25	read	read	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	16	parataxis	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	past	past	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	_
28	as	as	ADV	RB	ExtPos=CCONJ	32	cc	_	_
29	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	28	fixed	_	_
30	as	as	ADP	IN	_	28	fixed	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	future	future	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the Jossakeeds of the Ojibways | sooth sayers |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | sooth sayers |  |  |  |  | by the aid of spirits; able *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **read** | to-infinitive |  | the past |  |  |  | the future *conj* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent past=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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