---
title: Lo he laughs along the highlands, leaping o'er the granite walls: Lo… — Legends of the Northwest · tree and pragmatics
description: Lo he laughs along the highlands, leaping o'er the granite walls: Lo he sleeps among the islands, where the loon her lover calls. Who acts: he, loon. A sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, The Mississippi., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Legends of the Northwest, The Mississippi., sentence 2

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Lo he laughs along the highlands, leaping o'er the granite walls: Lo he sleeps among the islands, where the loon her lover calls.

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**Who acts:** he, loon · **What happens:** laugh, leap, sleep, call · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, The Mississippi.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (he, loon), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8122:4:2
# text = Lo he laughs along the highlands, leaping o'er the granite walls: Lo he sleeps among the islands, where the loon her lover calls.
1	Lo	lo	INTJ	UH	_	3	discourse	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	laughs	laugh	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	along	along	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	highlands	highland	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	leaping	leap	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
9	o'er	o'er	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	granite	granite	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
14	Lo	lo	INTJ	UH	_	16	discourse	_	_
15	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	sleeps	sleep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
17	among	among	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	islands	island	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
21	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	26	advmod	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	loon	loon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nsubj	_	_
24	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	lover	lover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nsubj	_	_
26	calls	call	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **laugh** | present | he |  |  |  |  | along the highlands | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **leap** | gerund | he *not said here* |  |  |  |  | o'er the granite walls | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **sleep** | present | he |  |  |  |  | among the islands | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **call** | present | the loon |  |  |  |  | loon's lover *nsubj* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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