---
title: Dark was the visage of grim Red Cloud, Fierce were the eyes of the w… — Legends of the Northwest · tree and pragmatics
description: Dark was the visage of grim Red Cloud, Fierce were the eyes of the warrior proud, When the chief to his lodge led the brave Chaskè, And Wiwâstè smiled on the tall Hóhé. Who acts: Dark, Fierce, chief, Wiwâstè. A sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Heyóka Wacípee [16]--the
---

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# Legends of the Northwest, Heyóka Wacípee \[16\]--the Giant's Dance., sentence 100

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Dark was the visage of grim Red Cloud, Fierce were the eyes of the warrior proud, When the chief to his lodge led the brave Chaskè, And Wiwâstè smiled on the tall Hóhé.

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**Who acts:** Dark, Fierce, chief, Wiwâstè · **What happens:** be, lead, smile · **To what, where:** visage, eyes, brave Chaskè, tall Hóhé

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Heyóka Wacípee \[16\]--the Giant's Dance.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dark, Fierce, chief, Wiwâstè), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8122:7:100
# text = Dark was the visage of grim Red Cloud, Fierce were the eyes of the warrior proud, When the chief to his lodge led the brave Chaskè, And Wiwâstè smiled on the tall Hóhé.
1	Dark	Dark	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	visage	visage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	grim	grim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	Red	Red	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	flat	_	_
8	Cloud	Cloud	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	Fierce	Fierce	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
11	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	warrior	warrior	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
17	proud	proud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
19	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	25	advmod	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	chief	chief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	lodge	lodge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
25	led	lead	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	brave	brave	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	Chaskè	Chaskè	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
30	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
31	Wiwâstè	Wiwâstè	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	nsubj	_	_
32	smiled	smile	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	conj	_	_
33	on	on	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
35	tall	tall	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
36	Hóhé	Hóhé	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Dark | the visage and the eyes |  |  |  | of grim Red Cloud | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | past | Fierce | the eyes |  |  |  | of the warrior | tree rules |
| 3 | **lead** | past | the chief to Fierce's lodge | the brave Chaskè |  |  |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chaskè=Theme |
| 4 | **smile** | past | Wiwâstè |  |  | the tall Hóhé |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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