---
title: In every house containing a Buddhist shrine or Buddhist tablets, inc… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: In every house containing a Buddhist shrine or Buddhist tablets, incense is burned at certain times; and in even the rudest country solitudes you will find incense smouldering before wayside images,—little stone figures of Fudō, Jizō, or Kwannon. Who acts: house, you. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 105

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In every house containing a Buddhist shrine or Buddhist tablets, incense is burned at certain times; and in even the rudest country solitudes you will find incense smouldering before wayside images,—little stone figures of Fudō, Jizō, or Kwannon.

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**Who acts:** house, you · **What happens:** contain, burn, find, figure · **To what, where:** Buddhist shrine, incense, house, incense smouldering, rudest country solitudes, Fudō

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (house, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:1:106
# text = In every house containing a Buddhist shrine or Buddhist tablets, incense is burned at certain times; and in even the rudest country solitudes you will find incense smouldering before wayside images,—little stone figures of Fudō, Jizō, or Kwannon.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	det	_	_
3	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
4	containing	contain	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	Buddhist	buddhist	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	shrine	shrine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	Buddhist	Buddhist	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	tablets	tablet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
12	incense	incense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	burned	burn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
15	at	at	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
21	even	even	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
23	rudest	rude	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	25	amod	_	_
24	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	_
25	solitudes	solitude	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	obl	_	_
26	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
27	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
28	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	parataxis	_	_
29	incense	incense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	compound	_	_
30	smouldering	smouldering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	_
31	before	before	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	wayside	wayside	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	compound	_	_
33	images	image	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	38	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	amod	_	_
37	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	compound	_	_
38	figures	figure	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	nmod	_	_
39	of	of	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	Fudō	Fudō	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	38	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
42	Jizō	Jizō	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	40	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
44	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	45	cc	_	_
45	Kwannon	Kwannon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	40	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contain** | gerund | every house *not said here* | a Buddhist shrine or Buddhist tablets |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot shrine=Theme |
| 2 | **burn** | present · passive |  | incense |  | every house | time |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **find** | future | you | incense smouldering |  | the rudest country solitudes | before wayside images  little stone figures of Fudō and Jizō or Kwannon |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent smouldering=Topic |
| 4 | **figure** |  |  | Fudō and Jizō or Kwannon |  |  |  |  | nom figure «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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