---
title: Many experiences of travel,—strange impressions of sound as well as… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: Many experiences of travel,—strange impressions of sound as well as of sight,—remain associated in my own memory with that fragrance:—vast silent shadowed avenues leading to weird old shrines;—mossed flights of worn steps ascending to temples that moulder above the clouds;—joyous tumult of festival 
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 106

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many experiences of travel,—strange impressions of sound as well as of sight,—remain associated in my own memory with that fragrance:—vast silent shadowed avenues leading to weird old shrines;—mossed flights of worn steps ascending to temples that moulder above the clouds;—joyous tumult of festival nights;—sheeted funeral-trains gliding by in glimmer of lanterns; murmur of household prayer in fishermen’s huts on far wild coasts;—and visions of desolate little graves marked only by threads of blue smoke ascending,—graves of pet animals or birds remembered by simple hearts in the hour of prayer to Amida, the Lord of Immeasurable Light.

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**Who acts:** strange impressions, vast silent shadowed avenues, Many experiences, worn steps, that, funeral trains · **What happens:** remain, associate, shadow, lead, moss, ascend · **To what, where:** own memory, weird old shrines, flights, temples, clouds, funeral trains

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (strange impressions, vast silent shadowed avenues, Many experiences, worn steps), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:1:107
# text = Many experiences of travel,—strange impressions of sound as well as of sight,—remain associated in my own memory with that fragrance:—vast silent shadowed avenues leading to weird old shrines;—mossed flights of worn steps ascending to temples that moulder above the clouds;—joyous tumult of festival nights;—sheeted funeral-trains gliding by in glimmer of lanterns; murmur of household prayer in fishermen’s huts on far wild coasts;—and visions of desolate little graves marked only by threads of blue smoke ascending,—graves of pet animals or birds remembered by simple hearts in the hour of prayer to Amida, the Lord of Immeasurable Light.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	experiences	experience	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	62	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	travel	travel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	strange	strange	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	impressions	impression	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
11	as	as	ADV	RB	ExtPos=CCONJ	15	cc	_	_
12	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	11	fixed	_	_
13	as	as	ADP	IN	_	11	fixed	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	fixed	_	_
15	sight	sight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	remain	remain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	acl	_	_
19	associated	associate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	xcomp	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
22	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	memory	memory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
24	with	with	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	26	det	_	_
26	fragrance	fragrance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	32	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	vast	vast	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
30	silent	silent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
31	shadowed	shadow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	32	amod	_	_
32	avenues	avenue	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
33	leading	lead	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	32	acl	_	_
34	to	to	PART	TO	_	35	mark	_	_
35	weird	weird	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	37	amod	_	_
36	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	37	amod	_	_
37	shrines	shrine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	40	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	40	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	mossed	moss	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	conj	_	_
41	flights	flight	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	obj	_	_
42	of	of	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
43	worn	worn	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	44	amod	_	_
44	steps	step	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	41	nmod	_	_
45	ascending	ascend	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	44	acl	_	_
46	to	to	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
47	temples	temple	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	45	obl	_	_
48	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	49	nsubj	_	_
49	moulder	moulder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	47	conj	_	_
50	above	above	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
51	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	52	det	_	_
52	clouds	cloud	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	49	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	56	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	56	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
55	joyous	joyous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	56	amod	_	_
56	tumult	tumult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	conj	_	_
57	of	of	ADP	IN	_	59	case	_	_
58	festival	festival	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	59	compound	_	_
59	nights	night	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	56	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
60	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
61	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	62	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
62	sheeted	sheet	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
63	funeral	funeral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	65	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
64	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	63	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
65	trains	train	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	62	obj	_	_
66	gliding	glide	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	65	acl	_	_
67	by	by	ADP	IN	_	69	case	_	_
68	in	in	ADP	IN	_	69	case	_	_
69	glimmer	glimmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	66	obl	_	_
70	of	of	ADP	IN	_	71	case	_	_
71	lanterns	lantern	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	69	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
72	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	73	punct	_	_
73	murmur	murmur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	62	obl	_	_
74	of	of	ADP	IN	_	76	case	_	_
75	household	household	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	76	compound	_	_
76	prayer	prayer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	73	nmod	_	_
77	in	in	ADP	IN	_	80	case	_	_
78	fishermen	fisherman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	80	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
79	’s	's	PART	POS	_	78	case	_	_
80	huts	hut	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	76	nmod	_	_
81	on	on	ADP	IN	_	84	case	_	_
82	far	far	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	84	amod	_	_
83	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	84	amod	_	_
84	coasts	coast	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	80	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
85	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	62	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
86	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	90	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
87	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	90	cc	_	_
88	visions	vision	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	90	nsubj	_	_
89	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	90	mark	_	_
90	desolate	desolate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	62	conj	_	_
91	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	92	amod	_	_
92	graves	grave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	90	obj	_	_
93	marked	mark	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	92	acl	_	_
94	only	only	ADV	RB	_	93	advmod	_	_
95	by	by	ADP	IN	_	96	case	_	_
96	threads	thread	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	93	obl	_	_
97	of	of	ADP	IN	_	99	case	_	_
98	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	99	amod	_	_
99	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	96	nmod	_	_
100	ascending	ascend	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	99	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
101	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	103	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
102	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	103	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
103	graves	grave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	90	obl	_	_
104	of	of	ADP	IN	_	106	case	_	_
105	pet	pet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	106	compound	_	_
106	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	103	nmod	_	_
107	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	108	cc	_	_
108	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	106	conj	_	_
109	remembered	remember	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	106	acl	_	_
110	by	by	ADP	IN	_	112	case	_	_
111	simple	simple	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	112	amod	_	_
112	hearts	heart	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	109	obl	_	_
113	in	in	ADP	IN	_	115	case	_	_
114	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	115	det	_	_
115	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	109	obl	_	_
116	of	of	ADP	IN	_	117	case	_	_
117	prayer	prayer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	115	nmod	_	_
118	to	to	ADP	IN	_	119	case	_	_
119	Amida	Amida	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	109	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
120	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	122	punct	_	_
121	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	122	det	_	_
122	Lord	Lord	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	119	conj	_	_
123	of	of	ADP	IN	_	125	case	_	_
124	Immeasurable	Immeasurable	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	125	compound	_	_
125	Light	Light	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	122	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
126	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	62	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remain** | infinitive | strange impressions of sound as sight *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **associate** | participle | strange impressions of sound as sight *not said here* |  |  | my own memory with that fragrance |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **shadow** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **lead** | gerund | vast silent shadowed avenues and joyous tumult of festival nights *not said here* | weird old shrines |  |  |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shrine=Theme |
| 5 | **moss** | past | Many experiences of travel and strange impressions of sound as sight and vast silent shadowed avenues and joyous tumult of festival nights *not said here* | flights of worn steps |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **ascend** | gerund | worn steps *not said here* |  |  | temples and moulder |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to temple=Initial\_Location |
| 7 | **moulder** |  | that |  |  | the clouds |  |  | tree rules |
| 8 | **sheet** | past | Many experiences of travel and strange impressions of sound as sight and vast silent shadowed avenues and joyous tumult of festival nights | funeral trains |  |  |  | murmur of household prayer in fishermen's huts on far wild coasts *obl* | tree rules |
| 9 | **glide** | gerund | funeral trains *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by glimmer of lanterns | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by glimmer=Trajectory |
| 10 | **desolate** | infinitive | visions | little graves |  |  |  | graves of pet animals or birds *obl* | tree rules |
| 11 | **mark** | participle |  | little graves *not said here* |  |  |  | by threads of blue smoke | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent by thread=Destination |
| 12 | **ascend** | gerund | blue smoke *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 13 | **remember** | participle |  | pet animals or birds *not said here* | Amida and the Lord of Immeasurable Light |  | hour | by simple hearts | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: agent=Agent to amida=be' |
| 14 | **experience** |  |  | travel |  |  |  |  | nom experience «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
| 15 | **impress** |  |  | sound as sight |  |  |  |  | nom impression «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
| 16 | **glimmer** |  | lanterns |  |  |  |  |  | nom glimmer «event intransitive»: of=agent |
| 17 | **murmur** |  |  | household prayer in fishermen's huts on far wild coasts |  |  |  |  | nom murmur «event transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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