---
title: There would also have to be considered the curious history of the ol… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: There would also have to be considered the curious history of the old “incense-assemblies,” whose elaborate ceremonial could be explained only by help of numerous diagrams. Who acts: help. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of eve
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 125

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There would also have to be considered the curious history of the old “incense-assemblies,” whose elaborate ceremonial could be explained only by help of numerous diagrams.

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**Who acts:** help · **What happens:** have, consider, explain, help · **To what, where:** curious history, elaborate ceremonial, numerous diagrams

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (help), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:1:126
# text = There would also have to be considered the curious history of the old “incense-assemblies,” whose elaborate ceremonial could be explained only by help of numerous diagrams.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	4	expl	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	considered	consider	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	xcomp	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	curious	curious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	xcomp	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
13	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
14	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	incense	incense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	assemblies	assembly	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
20	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	22	nmod:poss	_	_
21	elaborate	elaborate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	ceremonial	ceremonial	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj:pass	_	_
23	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
24	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	aux:pass	_	_
25	explained	explain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	parataxis	_	_
26	only	only	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
27	by	by	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	numerous	numerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	diagrams	diagram	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | would |  |  |  | there |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **consider** | to-infinitive · passive |  | the curious history of the old incense assemblies |  |  |  |  | vn consider-29.9-1-1 «NP V whether/if S» |
| 3 | **explain** *speech: assert* | could · passive | help of numerous diagrams | elaborate ceremonial |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Topic |
| 4 | **help** |  |  | numerous diagrams |  |  |  |  | nom help «act transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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