---
title: This text plainly implies that incense, as a burnt-offering, symboli… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: This text plainly implies that incense, as a burnt-offering, symbolizes the pious desires of the faithful. Who acts: text. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 146

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This text plainly implies that incense, as a burnt-offering, symbolizes the pious desires of the faithful.

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**Who acts:** text · **What happens:** imply, symbolize · **To what, where:** incense, pious desires

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (text), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:1:148
# text = This text plainly implies that incense, as a burnt-offering, symbolizes the pious desires of the faithful.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	text	text	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	plainly	plainly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	implies	imply	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
6	incense	incense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	burnt	burnt	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	offering	offering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	symbolizes	symbolize	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	pious	pious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	desires	desire	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	faithful	faithful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **imply** | present | this text | that incense |  |  |  | a burnt offering *conj*; plainly *property* | vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot incense=Topic |
| 2 | **symbolize** | present | this text *not said here* | the pious desires of the faithful |  |  |  |  | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot desire=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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