---
title: One kind must be supplied by the guests invited to the party; and th… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: One kind must be supplied by the guests invited to the party; and three are furnished by the person who gives the entertainment. Who acts: guests, person. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 178

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One kind must be supplied by the guests invited to the party; and three are furnished by the person who gives the entertainment.

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**Who acts:** guests, person · **What happens:** supply, invite, furnish, give · **To what, where:** One kind, three, entertainment

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (guests, person), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:1:181
# text = One kind must be supplied by the guests invited to the party; and three are furnished by the person who gives the entertainment.
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	supplied	supply	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	guests	guest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	invited	invite	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	party	party	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	furnished	furnish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
18	by	by	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	22	nsubj	_	_
22	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	acl:relcl	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	entertainment	entertainment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **supply** | must · passive |  | One kind |  |  |  |  | vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Recipient |
| 2 | **invite** | past | the guests |  |  |  |  | to the party | vn promote-102 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **furnish** | present · passive | the person | three |  |  |  |  | vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Recipient |
| 4 | **give** | present | the person | the entertainment |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent entertainment=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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