---
title: “Do not fear, my son,” said the Bodhisattva, guiding: “danger there… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: “Do not fear, my son,” said the Bodhisattva, guiding: “danger there is none, though the way be grim.” Who acts: Bodhisattva, way. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 18

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“Do not fear, my son,” said the Bodhisattva, guiding: “danger there is none, though the way be grim.”

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**Who acts:** Bodhisattva, way · **What happens:** not fear, say, guide, be · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bodhisattva, way), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:1:18
# text = “Do not fear, my son,” said the Bodhisattva, guiding: “danger there is none, though the way be grim.”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	fear	fear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	vocative	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
10	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Bodhisattva	Bodhisattva	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	guiding	guide	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
16	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	danger	danger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
18	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	19	expl	_	_
19	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
20	none	none	PRON	NN	PronType=Neg	19	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
22	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nsubj	_	_
25	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	cop	_	_
26	grim	grim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	26	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **fear** *in a quote* | infinitive · do-support |  |  |  |  |  | my son *vocative* | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the Bodhisattva |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **guide** | gerund | the Bodhisattva *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** *in a quote* | present | the way |  |  |  |  | grim *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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