---
title: Hour after hour they climbed;—and forms invisible yielded to their t… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: Hour after hour they climbed;—and forms invisible yielded to their tread with dull soft crashings;—and faint cold fires lighted and died at every breaking. Who acts: Stars. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 21

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Hour after hour they climbed;—and forms invisible yielded to their tread with dull soft crashings;—and faint cold fires lighted and died at every breaking.

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**Who acts:** Stars · **What happens:** climb, form, yield, light, die, tread · **To what, where:** faint cold fires, breaking

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Stars), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:1:21
# text = Hour after hour they climbed;—and forms invisible yielded to their tread with dull soft crashings;—and faint cold fires lighted and died at every breaking.
1	Hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
2	after	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	climbed	climb	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	forms	form	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
10	invisible	invisible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	_
11	yielded	yield	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	tread	tread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	dull	dull	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
17	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	crashings	crashing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
22	faint	faint	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
23	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	fires	fire	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
25	lighted	light	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	24	acl	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	died	die	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	conj	_	_
28	at	at	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	30	det	_	_
30	breaking	breaking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **climb** | past | Stars *= star* | faint cold fires |  |  | hour |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **form** | present | Stars *= star* *not said here* |  |  |  |  | invisible *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **yield** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | to Stars's tread with dull soft crashings | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to tread=Theme |
| 4 | **light** | participle |  | faint cold fires *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **die** | past |  |  |  | every breaking |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 6 | **tread** |  | Stars *= star* |  |  |  |  | with dull soft crashings | nom tread «act intransitive»: poss=agent with=obl |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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