---
title: Nothing remained but the clouds beneath, and the sky above, and the… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: Nothing remained but the clouds beneath, and the sky above, and the heaping of skulls between,—up-slanting out of sight. Who acts: Nothing, heaping. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 32

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Nothing remained but the clouds beneath, and the sky above, and the heaping of skulls between,—up-slanting out of sight.

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**Who acts:** Nothing, heaping · **What happens:** remain, slant · **To what, where:** clouds, sight

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nothing, heaping), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:1:32
# text = Nothing remained but the clouds beneath, and the sky above, and the heaping of skulls between,—up-slanting out of sight.
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	2	nsubj	_	_
2	remained	remain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	clouds	cloud	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	beneath	beneath	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	sky	sky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
11	above	above	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	heaping	heaping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	skulls	skull	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	_
18	between	between	ADP	IN	_	23	mark	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	up	up	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	slanting	slant	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	15	acl	_	_
24	out	out	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	sight	sight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remain** | past | Nothing | the clouds |  |  |  | the sky *obl*; the heaping of skulls *parataxis*; beneath *property* | vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme cloud=Attribute |
| 2 | **slant** | gerund | the heaping of skulls *not said here* |  |  | sight |  |  | vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme out sight=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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