---
title: “Hasten, hasten, my son!” cried the Bodhisattva: “the day is brief,… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: “Hasten, hasten, my son!” cried the Bodhisattva: “the day is brief, and the summit is very far away.” Who acts: Bodhisattva, day, summit. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 35

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“Hasten, hasten, my son!” cried the Bodhisattva: “the day is brief, and the summit is very far away.”

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**Who acts:** Bodhisattva, day, summit · **What happens:** hasten, cry, be · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bodhisattva, day, summit), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:1:35
# text = “Hasten, hasten, my son!” cried the Bodhisattva: “the day is brief, and the summit is very far away.”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Hasten	hasten	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	10	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	hasten	hasten	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	vocative	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
10	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Bodhisattva	bodhisattva	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
14	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
18	brief	brief	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	summit	summit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nsubj	_	_
23	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
24	very	very	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
25	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	26	advmod	_	_
26	away	away	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hasten** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | my son *vocative* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **hasten** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | the Bodhisattva |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **is** *in a quote* | present | the day |  |  |  |  | brief *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **is** *in a quote* | present | the summit |  |  |  |  | away, far *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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