---
title: “I cannot,” cried the pilgrim, trembling and clinging; “I dare not l… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: “I cannot,” cried the pilgrim, trembling and clinging; “I dare not look beneath! Who acts: pilgrim. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/1/40/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [In Ghostly Japan](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/) / [Opening](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/1/) / 40

# In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 40

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“I cannot,” cried the pilgrim, trembling and clinging; “I dare not look beneath!

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** pilgrim · **What happens:** cry, tremble, cling, look · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pilgrim), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:1:40
# text = “I cannot,” cried the pilgrim, trembling and clinging; “I dare not look beneath!
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
7	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	pilgrim	pilgrim	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	trembling	tremble	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	clinging	cling	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
15	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
17	dare	dare	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
18	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	17	advmod	_	_
19	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
20	beneath	beneath	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | the pilgrim |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **tremble** | gerund | the pilgrim *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **cling** | gerund | the pilgrim *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn cling-22.5 «NP V together»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **look** *in a quote* | present | the pilgrim *= pilgrim* |  |  |  |  | beneath *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 39](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/1/39/)
- next →: [sentence 41](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/1/41/)
- ↑ back to [Opening](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/1/)