---
title: “And yet, my son,” said the Bodhisattva, laughing softly,—“and yet y… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: “And yet, my son,” said the Bodhisattva, laughing softly,—“and yet you do not know of what this mountain is made.” Who acts: son, you. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 42

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“And yet, my son,” said the Bodhisattva, laughing softly,—“and yet you do not know of what this mountain is made.”

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**Who acts:** son, you · **What happens:** say, laugh, not know, make · **To what, where:** mountain · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (son, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:1:42
# text = “And yet, my son,” said the Bodhisattva, laughing softly,—“and yet you do not know of what this mountain is made.”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
3	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
9	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Bodhisattva	Bodhisattva	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	laughing	laugh	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	advcl	_	_
14	softly	softly	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
20	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
21	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
22	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	23	advmod	_	_
23	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	ccomp	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	23	obl	_	_
26	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	27	det	_	_
27	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj:pass	_	_
28	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux:pass	_	_
29	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	25	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	23	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | my son |  |  |  |  | the Bodhisattva *nsubj* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **laugh** | gerund | my son *not said here* |  |  |  |  | softly *property* | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **know** *in a quote* | present · do-support | you |  |  |  | yet | what *obl* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer of what=Stimulus |
| 4 | **make** *in a quote* | present · passive |  | this mountain |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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