---
title: Many men loved her in vain; and many are said to have died for love… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: Many men loved her in vain; and many are said to have died for love of her. Who acts: Many men. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 88

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Many men loved her in vain; and many are said to have died for love of her.

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**Who acts:** Many men · **What happens:** love, say, die · **To what, where:** Komachi, vain, many · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Many men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:1:89
# text = Many men loved her in vain; and many are said to have died for love of her.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	loved	love	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	vain	vain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	nsubj	_	_
10	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	said	say	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	parataxis	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
13	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	aux	_	_
14	died	die	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	11	xcomp	_	_
15	for	for	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	love	love	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **love** | past | Many men | Komachi |  | vain |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer she=Stimulus |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present · passive |  | many |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **die** | to-infinitive · perfect |  |  |  |  |  | for love of Komachi | vn long-32.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Pivot for love=Theme |
| 4 | **love** |  |  | Komachi |  |  |  |  | nom love «feeling transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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