---
title: Often when I smell incense, this vision defines; and usually thereaf… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: Often when I smell incense, this vision defines; and usually thereafter other sensations of my first day in Japan revive in swift succession with almost painful acuteness. Who acts: I, vision, other sensations. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening, with its dependency tree and
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 99

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Often when I smell incense, this vision defines; and usually thereafter other sensations of my first day in Japan revive in swift succession with almost painful acuteness.

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**Who acts:** I, vision, other sensations · **What happens:** smell, define, revive, sense · **To what, where:** incense, swift succession, first day

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, vision, other sensations), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:1:100
# text = Often when I smell incense, this vision defines; and usually thereafter other sensations of my first day in Japan revive in swift succession with almost painful acuteness.
1	Often	often	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	4	mark	_	_
3	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	smell	smell	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
5	incense	incense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
7	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	8	det	_	_
8	vision	vision	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	defines	define	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
12	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	thereafter	thereafter	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
14	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	sensations	sensation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nsubj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
18	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	19	amod	_	_
19	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	Japan	Japan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
22	revive	revive	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	swift	swift	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	succession	succession	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
26	with	with	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
28	painful	painful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	acuteness	acuteness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smell** | present | I | incense |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer incense=Stimulus |
| 2 | **define** | present | this vision |  |  |  |  |  | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **revive** | present | other sensations of my first day in Japan |  |  | swift succession |  | with painful acuteness | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with acuteness=Instrument |
| 4 | **sense** |  |  | my first day in Japan |  |  |  |  | nom sensation «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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