---
title: Or take this recent composition, by a University student, which has… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: Or take this recent composition, by a University student, which has been praised by good judges:— Who acts: you, good judges. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 8, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 8, sentence 37

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Or take this recent composition, by a University student, which has been praised by good judges:—

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**Who acts:** you, good judges · **What happens:** take, praise · **To what, where:** recent composition, University student

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, good judges), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:10:37
# text = Or take this recent composition, by a University student, which has been praised by good judges:—
1	Or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	2	cc	_	_
2	take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
4	recent	recent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	composition	composition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	University	University	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	student	student	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
14	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	praised	praise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl:relcl	_	_
16	by	by	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	judges	judge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | imperative | you *not said here* | this recent composition |  |  |  | by a University student | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent composition=Theme |
| 2 | **praise** | present · perfect · passive | good judges | a University student |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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