---
title: The old ethical teaching was somewhat like this:—“Are you very angry… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: The old ethical teaching was somewhat like this:—“Are you very angry?—do not say anything unkind, but compose a poem. Who acts: you. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 8, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 8, sentence 7

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The old ethical teaching was somewhat like this:—“Are you very angry?—do not say anything unkind, but compose a poem.

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**Who acts:** you · **What happens:** be, not say, compose · **To what, where:** anything, poem, old ethical teaching · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:10:7
# text = The old ethical teaching was somewhat like this:—“Are you very angry?—do not say anything unkind, but compose a poem.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	ethical	ethical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	teaching	teaching	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	somewhat	somewhat	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	Are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
13	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
14	very	very	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	angry	angry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
19	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	20	advmod	_	_
20	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	_
21	anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	20	obj	_	_
22	unkind	unkind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	compose	compose	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	conj	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	poem	poem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past |  |  |  |  |  | like this; somewhat *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | present | you |  |  |  |  | angry *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | infinitive · do-support |  | anything |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent anything=Topic |
| 4 | **compose** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | a poem |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent poem=Result |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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