---
title: _Sweet and clear in the night, the voice of a boy at study, Reading… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: _Sweet and clear in the night, the voice of a boy at study, Reading out of a book…. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, A Mother’s Remembrance, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, A Mother’s Remembrance, sentence 1

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\_Sweet and clear in the night, the voice of a boy at study, Reading out of a book….

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**What happens:** read out · **To what, where:** book

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, A Mother’s Remembrance. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:11:1
# text = _Sweet and clear in the night, the voice of a boy at study, Reading out of a book….
1	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sweet	sweet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	clear	clear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	at	at	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	study	study	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	Reading	read	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
18	out	out	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	….	..	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read out** | gerund |  | a book |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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