---
title: Any one knows that the world is void as its cast-off shell. — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: Any one knows that the world is void as its cast-off shell. Who acts: one, world. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, In Time of Grief, Hearing a Sémi (cicada), with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, In Time of Grief, Hearing a Sémi (cicada), sentence 2

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Any one knows that the world is void as its cast-off shell.

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**Who acts:** one, world · **What happens:** know, be · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, In Time of Grief, Hearing a Sémi (cicada). The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one, world), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:20:2
# text = Any one knows that the world is void as its cast-off shell.
1	Any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	knows	know	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	void	void	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	ccomp	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
10	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
11	cast	cast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	off	off	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	shell	shell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | present | any one |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is** | present | the world |  |  |  |  | as world's off shell; void *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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