---
title: This _Kai-gen_ is a kind of consecration, by virtue of which a newly… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: This _Kai-gen_ is a kind of consecration, by virtue of which a newly-made image is supposed to become animated by the real presence of the divinity represented. Who acts: This. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1, with its de
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1, sentence 133

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This \_Kai-gen\_ is a kind of consecration, by virtue of which a newly-made image is supposed to become animated by the real presence of the divinity represented.

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**Who acts:** This · **What happens:** be, make, suppose, become, animate, represent · **To what, where:** kind, made image, divinity

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (This), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:24:134
# text = This _Kai-gen_ is a kind of consecration, by virtue of which a newly-made image is supposed to become animated by the real presence of the divinity represented.
1	This	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	9	nsubj	_	_
2	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	Kai	Kai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	gen	gen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	_	_	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	consecration	consecration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	virtue	virtue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	23	obl	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
18	newly	newly	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	21	amod	_	_
21	image	image	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj:pass	_	_
22	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux:pass	_	_
23	supposed	suppose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	acl:relcl	_	_
24	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
25	become	become	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	xcomp	_	_
26	animated	animate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	25	xcomp	_	_
27	by	by	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
29	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	presence	presence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
31	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	divinity	divinity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nmod	_	_
34	represented	represent	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	33	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | This | a kind and virtue |  |  |  | of consecration; Kai gen \_ *nsubj*; virtue *conj* | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | newly *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **suppose** | present · passive |  | a made image |  |  |  | of virtue | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Attribute clause=Theme |
| 4 | **become** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **animate** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by the real presence of the divinity | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **represent** | participle |  | the divinity *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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