---
title: [27] Or, “like the flame of a lamp exposed to the wind.” — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: [27] Or, “like the flame of a lamp exposed to the wind.” Who acts: lamp. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/24/160/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [In Ghostly Japan](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/) / [Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/24/) / 160

# In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1, sentence 160

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
\[27\] Or, “like the flame of a lamp exposed to the wind.”

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** lamp · **What happens:** expose, flame · **To what, where:** lamp, wind, 27

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lamp), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:24:161
# text = [27] Or, “like the flame of a lamp exposed to the wind.”
1	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	27	27	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	flame	flame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	lamp	lamp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	exposed	expose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **expose** *in a quote* | participle |  | a lamp *not said here* | the wind |  |  |  | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to wind=Recipient |
| 3 | **flame** *in a quote* |  | a lamp |  |  |  |  |  | nom flame «process intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 159](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/24/159/)
- next →: [sentence 161](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/24/161/)
- ↑ back to [Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/24/)