---
title: The full proverb is, _Jigoku dé hotoké hotoke ni ōta yo da_. — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: The full proverb is, _Jigoku dé hotoké hotoke ni ōta yo da_. Who acts: full proverb. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1, sentence 183

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The full proverb is, \_Jigoku dé hotoké hotoke ni ōta yo da\_.

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**Who acts:** full proverb · **What happens:** be · **To what, where:** dé hotoké hotoke

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (full proverb), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:24:184
# text = The full proverb is, _Jigoku dé hotoké hotoke ni ōta yo da_.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	proverb	proverb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	Jigoku	Jigoku	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
8	dé	dé	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
9	hotoké	hotoké	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	hotoke	hotoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	ni	ni	X	FW	_	12	compound	_	_
12	ōta	ōta	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
13	yo	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Slng	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	da	da	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the full proverb | dé hotoké hotoke and ni ōta  yo's da |  |  |  | Jigoku *nsubj*; ni ōta  yo's da *conj* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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