---
title: _ All things[4] are merely dreams. — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: _ All things[4] are merely dreams. Who acts: things. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1, sentence 39

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\_ All things\[4\] are merely dreams.

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**Who acts:** things · **What happens:** be · **To what, where:** dreams

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (things), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:24:40
# text = _ All things[4] are merely dreams.
1	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	3	punct	_	_
2	All	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	det	_	_
3	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	5	punct	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	merely	merely	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	dreams	dream	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | all things | dreams |  |  |  | merely *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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